Wednesday, December 26, 2018

Linux Kernel


Runlevels
---------

0 -- shutdown/halt the system
1 -- single-user mode; usually aliased as s or S
2 -- multiuser mode w/ networking
3 -- multiuser mode w/o networking
4 -- unused
5 -- multiuser mode w/ networking and X Window System
6 -- reboot the system

Kernel Headers
--------------

  - development libraries
  - not installed by default
  - needed to compile other kernel version
  - package name: kernel-headers

Modules
-------

Checks if a module is builtin in the kernel
grep /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/modules.builtin

Crash Dumps
-----------

kexec uses a second kernel to capture the 1st kernels' memory during crashes.

/var/crash - default location of dump files (vmcore)

Tutorials
---------

Booting a RHEL VM from rescue mode
1. power off VM
2. edit settings and find to boot it to BIOS on next startup
3. power on VM
4. when you see this prompt --> "boot: ", type "linux rescue"
5. once the rescue environment finishes booting, choose a language to use
6. choose a keyboard layout to use
7. wait for network interfaces to be located, and activate them, so that
   requested data can be transferred to another host (sometimes this doesn't
   work, or try to restart NIC on Vsphere)
8. the rescue environment will try to find the current Red Hat Enterprise Linux
   installation on the system., select "continue"


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