Python Number and Math modules

  

`math`	main module for mathematical computations  >>> import math  >>> math.cos(math.pi / 4)  0.70710678118654757  >>> math.log(1024, 2)  10.0
`random`	You can use this module to generate random values.    >>> import random  >>> random.choice(['apple', 'pear', 'banana'])  'apple'  >>> random.sample(range(100), 10)   # sampling without replacement  [30, 83, 16, 4, 8, 81, 41, 50, 18, 33]  >>> random.random()    # random float  0.17970987693706186  >>> random.randrange(6)    # random integer chosen from range(6)  4
`statistics`	Module for statistical calculation  >>> import statistics  >>> data = [2.75, 1.75, 1.25, 0.25, 0.5, 1.25, 3.5]  >>> statistics.mean(data)  1.6071428571428572  >>> statistics.median(data)  1.25  >>> statistics.variance(data)  1.3720238095238095
`decimal`	Can be used by applications that requires precise calculations.    This calculates 5% tax on a 70 cent phone.  >>> from decimal import *  >>> round(Decimal('0.70') * Decimal('1.05'), 2)  Decimal('0.74')  >>> round(.70 * 1.05, 2)  0.73    Performs modulo calculations and equality test that are unsuitable for binary float point.  >>> Decimal('1.00') % Decimal('.10')  Decimal('0.00')  >>> 1.00 % 0.10  0.09999999999999995    >>> sum([Decimal('0.1')]*10) == Decimal('1.0')  True  >>> sum([0.1]*10) == 1.0  False    Performs very precise calculations.  >>> getcontext().prec = 36  >>> Decimal(1) / Decimal(7)  Decimal('0.142857142857142857142857142857142857')
functools	>>> from functool import reduce  >>> reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])  15  >>>